2026 · Climate and Natural Hazard Risks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-44-327368-1.00030-6
The generic title and missing abstract provide no evidence about Scheffer index reliability or above-ground decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Under review — the register is reading the literature and will publish a conclusion once directional evidence has been indexed.
The published record leans towards this, with exceptions. The evidence is still too thin to lean on for a decision.
This sentence is generated from the same numbers shown below — consensus share, confidence band and the number of indexed studies. Open any section to see exactly how it was reached.
Version 8 · WI-EV v1.0.0 · last swept 2026-09-19
44
0–100, rule-based
Low confidence
Too few, too old or too conflicting sources to specify from.
73%
2 support · 1 contradict · 27 unclassified · 3 directionally assessed
30
1986–2026
Confidence is limited most by volume of evidence (2/30).
Nothing here is hidden — it is folded, so the answer stays readable. Open any section to see exactly how the numbers were produced.
3 directional studies, weighted by grade.
Mean evidence grade 56/100 across the pool.
73% of weighted directional evidence agrees.
93% published in peer-reviewed venues.
Median publication year 2020.
67% resolvable by DOI and independently checkable.
Numerical study on the effects of macro climate and detailing on the relative decay hazard of Norway spruce
Wood Material Science & Engineering · 2019 · Grade B · Peer-reviewed
Two decay models across 300 European sites generally showed strong similarity to the Scheffer climate index.
Wood decay hazard in Spain using the Scheffer index: proposal for an improvement
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products · 2016 · Grade C · Peer-reviewed
The title proposes improving the Scheffer index for Spain, indicating the existing method is insufficient across that climate setting.
Different evidence grades (B vs C), so they do not carry equal weight. Published in different venues (Wood Material Science & Engineering vs European Journal of Wood and Wood Products).
| Year | Published | Cumulative | Support | Contradict | Consensus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
| 1989 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
| 2000 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
| 2009 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0% |
| 2011 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 100% |
| 2013 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 100% |
| 2014 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 100% |
| 2015 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 100% |
| 2016 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 50% |
| 2017 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 50% |
| 2019 | 2 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
| 2020 | 6 | 19 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
| 2021 | 3 | 22 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
| 2022 | 2 | 24 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
| 2024 | 2 | 26 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
| 2025 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
| 2026 | 2 | 30 | 2 | 1 | 73% |
2026 · Climate and Natural Hazard Risks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-44-327368-1.00030-6
The generic title and missing abstract provide no evidence about Scheffer index reliability or above-ground decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Elena Vyshkvarkova, Olga Sukhonos · 2026 · Időjárás · doi:10.28974/idojaras.2026.1.5
The study maps Russian decay risk using the Scheffer index without reported validation against actual timber deterioration.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Exploring and forecasting climate change and wood decay hazard trends in Türkiye
Seren S. Ari, Cagatay Tasdemir, Eylem D. Tomak · 2025 · Theoretical and Applied Climatology · doi:10.1007/s00704-025-05929-7
The title indicates forecasting decay hazard trends but does not establish predictive reliability against measured decay.
Neutral
Grade B · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
ESICM LIVES 2025
2025
The record provides no wood-decay, climate-index, or building-performance evidence.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
ESICM LIVES 2024. Barcelona, Spain. 5–9 October 2024.
2024 · doi:10.1186/s40635-024-00658-z
The record provides no wood-decay, climate-index, or building-performance evidence.
Neutral
Grade C · 1 citations
Peer-reviewed
Remotely sensing potential climate change tipping points across scales
Timothy M. Lenton, Jesse F. Abrams, Annett Bartsch et al. · 2024 · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44609-w
The article concerns remote sensing of climate tipping points, not wood decay hazard.
Neutral
Grade B · 92 citations
Peer-reviewed
Review of the use of solid wood as an external cladding material in the built environment
Callum A. S. Hill, Maija Kymäläinen, Lauri Rautkari · 2022 · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-022-07211-x
The review covers timber cladding design and moisture risks without testing Scheffer-index predictions.
Neutral
Grade B · 52 citations
Peer-reviewed
Brendan M. Rogers, Brendan Mackey, Tatiana A. Shestakova et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2022.929281
The study addresses forest-policy integrity and climate mitigation, not wood decay hazard prediction.
Neutral
Grade B · 44 citations
Peer-reviewed
Decadal Variations of Wood Decay Hazard and El Niño Southern Oscillation Phases in Iran
J. Helali, H. Momenzadeh, V. Saeidi et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2021.693833
The study analyzes climatic decay-hazard variation and ENSO phases, not Scheffer predictions versus observed above-ground decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 2 citations
Peer-reviewed
Philip Bester van Niekerk, Brendan N. Marais, Christian Brischke et al. · 2021 · Holzforschung · doi:10.1515/hf-2021-0169
The review maps European biotic degradation hazards but does not state that Scheffer predictions were validated against decay.
Neutral
Grade B · 17 citations
Peer-reviewed
Philip Bester van Niekerk, Christian Brischke, Jonas Niklewski · 2021 · Forests · doi:10.3390/f12050588
The review discusses timber service-life modelling generally without establishing Scheffer-index reliability across climate zones.
Neutral
Grade B · 26 citations
Peer-reviewed
Abdullahi M Salman, Babak Salarieh, Emilio Bastidas-Arteaga et al. · 2020 · Frontiers in Built Environment · doi:10.3389/fbuil.2020.00073
The study addresses hurricane vulnerability and deterioration of utility poles without evaluating the Scheffer index across climate zones.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Mapping the Decay Hazard of Wooden Structures in Topographically Divergent Regions
Christian Brischke, Vanessa Selter · 2020 · Forests · doi:10.3390/f11050510
The abstract discusses climate-based decay mapping in divergent terrain but provides no stated validation of the Scheffer index.
Neutral
Grade B · 23 citations
Peer-reviewed
Observed and projected changes in the climate based decay hazard of timber in the United Kingdom
S. Curling, G. Ormondroyd · 2020 · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73239-1
Climate-derived Scheffer indices increased across UK locations, but observed above-ground decay was not compared with index predictions.
Neutral
Grade B · 10 citations
Peer-reviewed
Eric Merschman, Abdullahi M Salman, Emilio Bastidas-Arteaga et al. · 2020 · Advances in Climate Change Research · doi:10.1016/j.accre.2020.10.001
The study considers climate-change effects on wood pole decay and repair but does not test the Scheffer index across climate zones.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
G. Bernhard, Rachel Ε. Neale, Paul W. Barnes et al. · 2020 · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/d0pp90011g
The title concerns ozone depletion, ultraviolet radiation, and climate interactions rather than wood decay prediction.
Neutral
Grade A · 123 citations
Peer-reviewed
Russian forests and climate change
Leskinen, Pekka, Lindner, Marcus, Verkerk, Pieter Johannes et al. · 2020 · What science can tell us · doi:10.36333/wsctu11
The review addresses forests and climate change, not Scheffer-index prediction of above-ground wood decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 87 citations
Not peer-reviewed
Jonas Niklewski, Christian Brischke, Eva Frühwald Hansson · 2019 · Wood Material Science & Engineering · doi:10.1080/17480272.2019.1608296
Two decay models across 300 European sites generally showed strong similarity to the Scheffer climate index.
Supports
Grade B · 14 citations
Peer-reviewed
Observed Recent Change in Climate and Potential for Decay of Norwegian Wood Structures
Terje Grøntoft · 2019 · Climate · doi:10.3390/cli7020033
Observed Scheffer-index trends matched climate-model projections, not measurements of actual above-ground decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 15 citations
Peer-reviewed
Abdullahi M. Salman, Yue Li, Emilio Bastidas-Arteaga · 2017 · Reliability Engineering and System Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ress.2017.03.002
The study addresses timber pole decay in hurricane-risk maintenance but does not evaluate Scheffer index reliability across climate zones.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Wood decay hazard in Spain using the Scheffer index: proposal for an improvement
Juan Fernandez-Golfin, Enrique Larrumbide, Antonio Ruano et al. · 2016 · European Journal of Wood and Wood Products · doi:10.1007/s00107-016-1036-z
The title proposes improving the Scheffer index for Spain, indicating the existing method is insufficient across that climate setting.
Contradicts
Grade C · 15 citations
Peer-reviewed
Signature Wood Modifications Reveal Decomposer Community History
Jonathan S. Schilling, Justin T. Kaffenberger, Feng Jin Liew et al. · 2015 · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0120679
The study concerns fungal-community effects on woody litter decomposition, not climate-index prediction of above-ground structural decay.
Neutral
Grade B · 54 citations
Peer-reviewed
Change of Decay Hazard Index (Scheffer Index) for Exterior Above-Ground Wood in Korea
Taegyun Kim, Jong-Bum Ra · 2014 · Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology · doi:10.5658/wood.2014.42.6.732
Scheffer index increases tracked changing temperature and rainfall, but no measured decay outcomes validated predictive reliability.
Neutral
Grade B · 15 citations
Peer-reviewed
Decay Hazard (Scheffer) Index Values in Korea for Exterior Aboveground Wood
Taegyun Kim, Jong-Bum Ra · 2013 · Forest Products Journal · doi:10.13073/fpj-d-13-00033
Korean hazard zones were assigned from climate-derived Scheffer values without comparison to observed exterior wood decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 8 citations
Peer-reviewed
Determination of Decay Hazard Index (Scheffer Index) in Korea for Exterior Above-Ground Wood
Tae-Gyun Kim, Jong-Bum Ra, Sung-Mo Kang et al. · 2011 · Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology · doi:10.5658/wood.2011.39.6.531
Scheffer values mapped Korean climate-based hazard zones without validating them against measured above-ground decay.
Neutral
Grade B · 14 citations
Peer-reviewed
P I Morris, J Wang · 2011 · International Wood Products Journal · doi:10.1179/2042645311y.0000000012
Matched multisite field-test review identified the Scheffer index as the preferred method for defining above-ground decay-risk zones.
Supports
Grade C · 17 citations
Peer-reviewed
Decay hazard (Scheffer) index values calculated from 1971-2000 climate normal data
Charles G. Carll · 2009 · doi:10.2737/fpl-gtr-179
Scheffer values were recalculated and mapped, but their accuracy against observed decay was not tested.
Neutral
Grade D · 23 citations
Not peer-reviewed
Index to Hydrobiologia Volumes 251-384 (1993-1999).
2000 · doi:10.1023/a:1017235928288
The record is an index to a hydrobiology journal and does not address above-ground decay hazard prediction.
Neutral
Grade C · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Local map of climate index for decay and its usage.
Masuo HASEGAWA, Yasuo IIJIMA · 1989 · Wood Preservation · doi:10.5990/jwpa.15.157
The title describes mapping and use of a decay climate index but does not evaluate predictive reliability across climate zones.
Neutral
Grade D · 0 citations
Peer-reviewed
Wood Decay Hazard in Canada Based on Scheffer's Climate Index Formula
E. C. Setliff · 1986 · The Forestry Chronicle · doi:10.5558/tfc62456-5
Scheffer’s formula was applied across Canada, but predicted hazard zones were not validated against observed decay.
Neutral
Grade C · 18 citations
Peer-reviewed
Stance classification is automated and reviewed against each record's own abstract; it is a reading of the literature, not a measurement. The Evidence Score is a rule-based function of indexed metadata under method WI-EV v1.0.0 and does not constitute proof of the statement.
Each claim keeps a permanent URL and a version number. Cite the version you read — earlier conclusions stay visible in the revision history above.
WoodIntel. (2026). The Scheffer climate index is a reliable predictor of above-ground decay hazard across climate zones. (Evidence Engine WI-EV v1.0.0, claim version 8). Retrieved 2026-09-19, from https://woodintel.io/evidence/scheffer-index-decay-prediction
@misc{woodintel_scheffer_index_decay_prediction_2026,
title = {The Scheffer climate index is a reliable predictor of above-ground decay hazard across climate zones.},
author = {{WoodIntel}},
year = {2026},
note = {Evidence Engine WI-EV v1.0.0, claim version 8, accessed 2026-09-19},
url = {https://woodintel.io/evidence/scheffer-index-decay-prediction}
}curl https://woodintel.io/api/public/v1/evidence?claim=scheffer-index-decay-prediction
Returns the score, the indexed studies with stance and grade, the contradictions, the timeline and the full revision history. Open under CC BY 4.0 — API documentation.